GITR (Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein), also known as CD357 and AITR (Activation-inducible TNFR family receptor), is a single-pass type I transmembrane glycoprotein in the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF18). GITR contains 3 TNFR cysteine-rich repeats in the extracellular region and a cytoplasmic domain that shows striking homology with those of TNFRSF members 4­1BB/CD137 and CD27.  GITR is expressed at low levels in peripheral blood T cells, bone marrow, thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. GITR is up­ regulated in peripherical mononuclear cells after antigen stimulation/lymphocyte activation by treatment with anti­CD3 plus anti­CD28, or PMA plus ionomycin.  Knockout studies indicate that GITR may play a key role in dominant immunological self-tolerance maintained by CD25(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells and in the regulation of CD3-driven T-cell activation and programmed cell death. GITR is the receptor for GITR ligand (GITRL) belonging to the TNF superfamily (TNFSF18). GITR and its ligand GITRL are involved in interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells and in the regulation of T-cell receptor-mediated cell death. Ligation of GITRL can activate NF­κB through several TRAF adaptor proteins, and protect T cells from TCR activation­induced cell death. GITR and GITRL have also been shown to be important co-stimulatory molecules in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.

GITR (Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein), also known as CD357 and AITR (Activation-inducible TNFR family receptor), is a single-pass type I transmembrane glycoprotein in the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF18). GITR contains 3 TNFR cysteine-rich repeats in the extracellular region and a cytoplasmic domain that shows striking homology with those of TNFRSF members 4­1BB/CD137 and CD27.  GITR is expressed at low levels in peripheral blood T cells, bone marrow, thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. GITR is up­ regulated in peripherical mononuclear cells after antigen stimulation/lymphocyte activation by treatment with anti­CD3 plus anti­CD28, or PMA plus ionomycin.  Knockout studies indicate that GITR may play a key role in dominant immunological self-tolerance maintained by CD25(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells and in the regulation of CD3-driven T-cell activation and programmed cell death. GITR is the receptor for GITR ligand (GITRL) belonging to the TNF superfamily (TNFSF18). GITR and its ligand GITRL are involved in interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells and in the regulation of T-cell receptor-mediated cell death. Ligation of GITRL can activate NF­κB through several TRAF adaptor proteins, and protect T cells from TCR activation­induced cell death. GITR and GITRL have also been shown to be important co-stimulatory molecules in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.

  

Product Details

 

Gene Symbol: TNFRSF18; AITR; CD357; GITR-D; UNQ319/PRO364

  

NCBI Gene ID: 8784

 

Uniprot Entry: Q9Y5U5

 

Construct Details: The recombinant human GITR-Fc fusion is expressed as a 364 amino acid protein consisting of Gln26 - Glu161 region of GITR (UniProt accession #Q9Y5U5) and a C-terminal Fc from human IgG1, which exists as a dimer under non-reducing conditions.  

   

Source: Human cells stably expressing human GITR-Fc and growing in chemical-defined media with no animal components or antibiotics

 

Deduced Amino Acid Sequence: 

        10         20         30         40         50         60 

QRPTGGPGCG PGRLLLGTGT DARCCRVHTT RCCRDYPGEE CCSEWDCMCV QPEFHCGDPC 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 

CTTCRHHPCP PGQGVQSQGK FSFGFQCIDC ASGTFSGGHE GHCKPWTDCT QFGFLTVFPG 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 

NKTHNAVCVP GSPPAESTGT HTCPPCPAPE LLGGPSVFLF PPKPKDTLMI SRTPEVTCVV 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 

VDVSHEDPEV KFNWYVDGVE VHNAKTKPRE EQYNSTYRVV SVLTVLHQDW LNGKEYKCKV  

       250        260        270        280        290        300 

SNKALPAPIE KTISKAKGQP REPQVYTLPP SREEMTKNQV SLTCLVKGFY PSDIAVEWES  

       310        320        330        340        350        360 

NGQPENNYKT TPPVLDSDGS FFLYSKLTVD KSRWQQGNVF SCSVMHEALH NHYTQKSLSL 

 

SPGK 

 

M.W.: Calculated molecular mass (kDa): 40.1; Estimated by SDS-PAGE under reducing condition (kDa): 45-50

 

Calculated PI: 6.72

 

Calculated extinction coefficients (M-1 cm-1, at 280nm): 49400

 

Purity: >95% judged by SDS-PAGE under reducing condition (see the gel image above, labeled as "DTT: +")

 

Formulation: Supplied at 0.5 mg/ml in sterile PBS pH7.4 (carrier & preservative free).

 

Endotoxin Level: <0.1 EU per 1 μg of purified recombinant protein determined by the LAL method

 

Biological Activity: Binds to its ligand GITRL/TNFSF18 and blocks GITRL-induced signaling activity.

 

 

  

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE IN HUMAN.

Restriction: This product is not transferable or re-sellable.  Customer obtain no right to transfer, assign, or sublicense its use rights, or to transfer, resell, package, or otherwise distribute the product, or to use the product for the benefit of any third party or for any commercial purpose.  Customer may only use the product in compliance with applicable local, state and federal laws, regulations and rules.  Customer may not directly or indirectly use the product or allow the transfer, transmission, export or re-export of all or any part of the product in violation of any export control law or regulation of the united states or any other relevant jurisdiction.  Your use of this product constitutes acceptance of the terms of this limited use agreement.  Please refer to our “terms & conditions” for details.  If you are not willing to accept the limitation of this agreement, G&P Biosciences will accept return of the product for a full/partial refund.

 

Storage

 

The product is shipped at 4°C. Upon receipt, centrifuge the product briefly before opening the vial. It is recommended to store small aliquots at the temperature below –20°C for long-term storage and the product is stable for 3 months. The undiluted protein can be stored at 4°C for no more than 2 weeks.

 

 

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

 

 

 

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE IN HUMAN.

 

References

 

 

1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:6216 (1997). 

2. J. Biol. Chem. 274:6056 (1999). 

3. Current Biology 9:215 (1999). 

4. Cell Death Differ. 7:408 (2000). 

5. Oncol Rep. 18: 1189 (2007).

 

 

 

 

 

Documentation

 

Product datasheet (pdf) can be downloaded here: FCL0289-PDS.pdf

 

 

 

Additional supporting documents, including COA and MSDS are available upon request.

 

 

 

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE IN HUMAN.

Restriction: This product is not transferable or re-sellable.  Customer obtain no right to transfer, assign, or sublicense its use rights, or to transfer, resell, package, or otherwise distribute the product, or to use the product for the benefit of any third party or for any commercial purpose.  Customer may only use the product in compliance with applicable local, state and federal laws, regulations and rules.  Customer may not directly or indirectly use the product or allow the transfer, transmission, export or re-export of all or any part of the product in violation of any export control law or regulation of the united states or any other relevant jurisdiction.  Your use of this product constitutes acceptance of the terms of this limited use agreement.  Please refer to our “terms & conditions” for details.  If you are not willing to accept the limitation of this agreement, G&P Biosciences will accept return of the product for a full/partial refund.