Programmed death-1 (PD-1), also known as programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1) or CD279, is a single pass type I transmembrane glycoprotein of the Ig superfamily. It is an immunoreceptor in the CD28/CTLA-4 family with an IgV-type extracellular domain showing 21–33% sequence identity with CTLA-4, CD28 and ICOS.  Members of the CD28/CTLA-4 family have been shown to either promote T cell activation (CD28 and ICOS) or inhibit T cell activation (CTLA­4 and PD­1).  The cytoplasmic domain of PD-1 contains two tyrosine residues, a membrane-proximal immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) and an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM). ITIM is widely found in immunoinhibitory receptors and the membrane-proximal tyrosine residue may play a central role for the inhibitory function of PD-1. PD-1 negatively regulates antigen receptor signaling by recruiting protein tyrosine phosphatase upon engaging with either of two ligands, PD-L1 or PD-L2. It inhibits the T-cell proliferation and production of related cytokines such as IL-1, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ. PD-1 is involved in lymphocyte clonal selection and peripheral tolerance, and thus contributes to the prevention of autoimmune diseases. As a negative regulator of T- cell effector mechanisms, PD-1 may lead to suppression of anti-tumor immunity. Blockade of PD-1 inhibitory activity with antibodies enhances anti-tumor immunity in vivo.  PD-1 has been proposed as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy.

Programmed death-1 (PD-1), also known as programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1) or CD279, is a single pass type I transmembrane glycoprotein of the Ig superfamily. It is an immunoreceptor in the CD28/CTLA-4 family with an IgV-type extracellular domain showing 21–33% sequence identity with CTLA-4, CD28 and ICOS.  Members of the CD28/CTLA-4 family have been shown to either promote T cell activation (CD28 and ICOS) or inhibit T cell activation (CTLA­4 and PD­1).  The cytoplasmic domain of PD-1 contains two tyrosine residues, a membrane-proximal immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) and an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM). ITIM is widely found in immunoinhibitory receptors and the membrane-proximal tyrosine residue may play a central role for the inhibitory function of PD-1. PD-1 negatively regulates antigen receptor signaling by recruiting protein tyrosine phosphatase upon engaging with either of two ligands, PD-L1 or PD-L2. It inhibits the T-cell proliferation and production of related cytokines such as IL-1, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ. PD-1 is involved in lymphocyte clonal selection and peripheral tolerance, and thus contributes to the prevention of autoimmune diseases. As a negative regulator of T- cell effector mechanisms, PD-1 may lead to suppression of anti-tumor immunity. Blockade of PD-1 inhibitory activity with antibodies enhances anti-tumor immunity in vivo.  PD-1 has been proposed as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy.

 

Product Details

 

Gene Symbol: PD-1, CD279, PDCD1, PD1,  SLEB2, mPD1, mPD-1

 

NCBI Gene ID: 18566

 

Uniprot Entry: Q02242 

 

Construct Details: The recombinant mouse PD1-Fc is expressed as a 376-amino acid protein consisting of  Ser21 - Gly168 region of PD1 and a C-terminal Fc from human IgG1, which exists as a dimer under non-reducing conditions. 

 

Source: Mammalian cells stably expressing mouse PD1-Fc and growing in chemical-defined media with no animal components or antibiotics

 

Deduced Amino Acid Sequence: 

        10         20         30         40         50         60 

SGWLLEVPNG PWRSLTFYPA WLTVSEGANA TFTCSLSNWS EDLMLNWNRL SPSNQTEKQA  

        70         80         90        100        110        120 

AFCNGLSQPV QDARFQIIQL PNRHDFHMNI LDTRRNDSGI YLCGAISLHP KAKIEESPGA 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 

ELVVTERILE TSTRYPSPSP KPEGRFQGST GTHTCPPCPA PELLGGPSVF LFPPKPKDTL 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 

MISRTPEVTC VVVDVSHEDP EVKFNWYVDG VEVHNAKTKP REEQYNSTYR VVSVLTVLHQ 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 

DWLNGKEYKC KVSNKALPAP IEKTISKAKG QPREPQVYTL PPSREEMTKN QVSLTCLVKG 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 

FYPSDIAVEW ESNGQPENNY KTTPPVLDSD GSFFLYSKLT VDKSRWQQGN VFSCSVMHEA 

       370 

LHNHYTQKSL SLSPGK 

 

  

M.W.: Calculated molecular mass (kDa): 42.2; Estimated by SDS-PAGE under reducing condition (kDa): 60-65

 

Calculated PI: 6.56

 

Calculated extinction coefficients (M-1 cm-1, at 280nm):  67880

 

Purity: >95% judged by SDS-PAGE under reducing condition (see the gel image above, labeled as "S" and "M" for marker)

 

Formulation: Supplied at 0.5 mg/ml in sterile PBS pH7.4 (carrier & preservative free). 

 

Endotoxin Level: <0.1 EU per 1 μg of purified recombinant protein determined by the LAL method

 

 

  

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE IN HUMAN.

Restriction: This product is not transferable or re-sellable.  Customer obtain no right to transfer, assign, or sublicense its use rights, or to transfer, resell, package, or otherwise distribute the product, or to use the product for the benefit of any third party or for any commercial purpose.  Customer may only use the product in compliance with applicable local, state and federal laws, regulations and rules.  Customer may not directly or indirectly use the product or allow the transfer, transmission, export or re-export of all or any part of the product in violation of any export control law or regulation of the united states or any other relevant jurisdiction.  Your use of this product constitutes acceptance of the terms of this limited use agreement.  Please refer to our “terms & conditions” for details.  If you are not willing to accept the limitation of this agreement, G&P Biosciences will accept return of the product for a full/partial refund.

 

Storage

 

The product is shipped at 4°C. Upon receipt, centrifuge the product briefly before opening the vial. It is recommended to store small aliquots at the temperature below –20°C for long-term storage and the product is stable for 3 months. The undiluted protein can be stored at 4°C for no more than 2 weeks.

 

 

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

 

 

 

 

 

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE IN HUMAN.

 

References

 

1. EMBO J. 11:3887, 1992   

2. Genomics 23:704-706, 1994

3. Genes Immun. 6:430-437, 2005

4. Immunol. Rev. 229:114-25, 2009

 

 

 

 

Additional supporting documents, including PDS, COA and MSDS are available upon request.

 

 

 

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE IN HUMAN.

Restriction: This product is not transferable or re-sellable.  Customer obtain no right to transfer, assign, or sublicense its use rights, or to transfer, resell, package, or otherwise distribute the product, or to use the product for the benefit of any third party or for any commercial purpose.  Customer may only use the product in compliance with applicable local, state and federal laws, regulations and rules.  Customer may not directly or indirectly use the product or allow the transfer, transmission, export or re-export of all or any part of the product in violation of any export control law or regulation of the united states or any other relevant jurisdiction.  Your use of this product constitutes acceptance of the terms of this limited use agreement.  Please refer to our “terms & conditions” for details.  If you are not willing to accept the limitation of this agreement, G&P Biosciences will accept return of the product for a full/partial refund.