Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), also known as Killer-cell Inhibitory Receptors, are transmembrane glycoproteins that belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF).  The KIR genes are highly homologous and polymorphic.  Most of them are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). KIRs are expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and subsets of T cells. KIR proteins are composed of two or three extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig) domains, a transmembrane region and cytoplasmic tail which can in turn be short or long. The KIR proteins are thus classified by the number of Ig-domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM).  In contrast KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. KIR2DL subgroup proteins, including KIR2DL1 (CD158A), KIR2DL2 (CD158B1), and KIR2DL3 (CD158B2), are receptors on NK cells for HLA-C alleles and inhibit the activity of NK cells thus preventing cell lysis. The recombinant anti-KIR antibody recognizes all KIR2D subgroup members with high affinity.  This antibody blocks KIR2DLs’ inhibitory activity and therefore enhances NK cell-mediated tumor-killing activity.

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), also known as Killer-cell Inhibitory Receptors, are transmembrane glycoproteins that belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF).  The KIR genes are highly homologous and polymorphic.  Most of them are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). KIRs are expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and subsets of T cells. KIR proteins are composed of two or three extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig) domains, a transmembrane region and cytoplasmic tail which can in turn be short or long. The KIR proteins are thus classified by the number of Ig-domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM).  In contrast KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. KIR2DL subgroup proteins, including KIR2DL1 (CD158A), KIR2DL2 (CD158B1), and KIR2DL3 (CD158B2), are receptors on NK cells for HLA-C alleles and inhibit the activity of NK cells thus preventing cell lysis. The recombinant anti-KIR antibody recognizes all KIR2D subgroup members with high affinity.  This antibody blocks KIR2DLs’ inhibitory activity and therefore enhances NK cell-mediated tumor-killing activity.

 

Product Details

 

Gene Symbol: CD158B2; p58; NKAT; GL183; NKAT2; CD158b; NKAT2A; NKAT2B; KIR-K7b; KIR-K7c; KIR2DS5; KIRCL23; KIR-023GB

 

NCBI Gene ID: 3804

 

Uniprot Entry: P43628

 

Construct Details: Expressed as the combination of a heavy chain (HC) containing VH from anti-KIR2DL1, 2, 3 mAb and CH1-3 region of human IgG1 and a light chain (LC) encoding VL from anti-KIR2DL1, 2, 3  mAb (clone 16F4) and CL of human kappa light chain.  Exists as a disulfide linked dimer of the HC and LC hetero-dimer under non-reducing condition (see the gel image above, labeled as DTT "-").

 

Source:  Mammalian cells stably expressing anti-KIR human heavy chain and light chain and growing in chemical-defined media with no animal components or antibiotics 

 

M.W.: Calculated molecular mass (kDa): 144.8 (49.2 kDa for a single HC, 23.2 kDa for a single LC); Estimated by SDS-PAGE under non-reducing condition(kDa): 150

 

Purity: >95% judged by SDS-PAGE under reducing condition (see the gel image above, labeled as DTT "+")

 

Formulation: Supplied at 1.0 mg/ml in sterile PBSpH7.4 (carrier free).

 

Endotoxin Level: <0.1 EU per 1 μg of purified recombinant protein determined by the LAL method

 

Biological Activity: Binds all KIR2D subgroup proteins such as KIR2DL1, KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL3 with high affinity and blocks their inhibitory activity.  Enhances NK cell-mediated tumor-killing in vitro and anti-tumor immunity in vivo. Has the same binding specificity as anti-KIR, human IgG4 (SKU#MAB1939) and rabbit IgG (SKU#MAB2027).

 

 

 

 

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE IN HUMAN.

Restriction: This product is not transferable or re-sellable.  Customer obtain no right to transfer, assign, or sublicense its use rights, or to transfer, resell, package, or otherwise distribute the product, or to use the product for the benefit of any third party or for any commercial purpose.  Customer may only use the product in compliance with applicable local, state and federal laws, regulations and rules.  Customer may not directly or indirectly use the product or allow the transfer, transmission, export or re-export of all or any part of the product in violation of any export control law or regulation of the united states or any other relevant jurisdiction.  Your use of this product constitutes acceptance of the terms of this limited use agreement.  Please refer to our “terms & conditions” for details.  If you are not willing to accept the limitation of this agreement, G&P Biosciences will accept return of the product for a full/partial refund.

 

Storage

 

The product is shipped at 4°C. Upon receipt, centrifuge the product briefly before opening the vial. It is recommended to store small aliquots at the temperature below –20°C for long-term storage and the product is stable for 3 months. The undiluted protein can be stored at 4°C for no more than 2 weeks.

 

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

 

 

 

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE IN HUMAN.

 

References

 

 

1. Science 268:405 (1995)

2. Immunity 2:439 (1995) 

3. Nature. 389:96 (1997)

4. Immunity 7:753 (1997)

5. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 23:225 (2005)

 

 

 

Documentation

 

Product datasheet (pdf) can be downloaded here: MAB2024-PDS.pdf

 

 

 

Additional supporting documents, including COA and MSDS are available upon request.

 

 

 

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE IN HUMAN.

Restriction: This product is not transferable or re-sellable.  Customer obtain no right to transfer, assign, or sublicense its use rights, or to transfer, resell, package, or otherwise distribute the product, or to use the product for the benefit of any third party or for any commercial purpose.  Customer may only use the product in compliance with applicable local, state and federal laws, regulations and rules.  Customer may not directly or indirectly use the product or allow the transfer, transmission, export or re-export of all or any part of the product in violation of any export control law or regulation of the united states or any other relevant jurisdiction.  Your use of this product constitutes acceptance of the terms of this limited use agreement.  Please refer to our “terms & conditions” for details.  If you are not willing to accept the limitation of this agreement, G&P Biosciences will accept return of the product for a full/partial refund.