The TGFβ (transforming growth factor β) superfamily proteins are pleiotropic cytokines that regulate a diverse range of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, migration, adhesion and apoptosis.  The TGFβ superfamily elicits 4 signaling pathways: TGFβ, Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP), Activin, and Nodal.  Each pathway signals through a heteromeric receptor complex composed of at least 2 type-I and 2 type-II receptors with cytoplasmic serine/threonine kinase domains. The receptor complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins to regulate downstream gene transcription. There are 3 closely related mammalian members (TGFβ1-3) of the TGFβ family that share a characteristic cystine knot structure. They are known to function as cellular switches that regulate immune function, proliferation and epithelial­mesenchymal transition (EMT). Each TGFβ isoform has non-redundant functions. For instance, TGFβ1-deficient mice display defects in hematopoiesis and endothelial differentiation, and die of overwhelming inflammation. TGFβ1 is highly expressed in bone and acts as a stimulator of bone formation. A furin­like convertase processes it to generate an N­terminal 249 aa latency­associated peptide (LAP) and a C­terminal 112 aa mature TGFβ1. Mature human TGFβ1 is 100% identical to pig, dog and cow TGFβ1, and 99% identical to mouse, rat and horse TGFβ1, therefore showing cross­species activity. TGFβs are identified as potential therapeutic targets for cancer and cardiovascular diseases.  This gene is frequently upregulated in tumor cells, and mutations in this gene result in Camurati-Engelmann disease.

The TGFβ (transforming growth factor β) superfamily proteins are pleiotropic cytokines that regulate a diverse range of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, migration, adhesion and apoptosis.  The TGFβ superfamily elicits 4 signaling pathways: TGFβ, Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP), Activin, and Nodal.  Each pathway signals through a heteromeric receptor complex composed of at least 2 type-I and 2 type-II receptors with cytoplasmic serine/threonine kinase domains. The receptor complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins to regulate downstream gene transcription. There are 3 closely related mammalian members (TGFβ1-3) of the TGFβ family that share a characteristic cystine knot structure. They are known to function as cellular switches that regulate immune function, proliferation and epithelial­mesenchymal transition (EMT). Each TGFβ isoform has non-redundant functions. For instance, TGFβ1-deficient mice display defects in hematopoiesis and endothelial differentiation, and die of overwhelming inflammation. TGFβ1 is highly expressed in bone and acts as a stimulator of bone formation. A furin­like convertase processes it to generate an N­terminal 249 aa latency­associated peptide (LAP) and a C­terminal 112 aa mature TGFβ1. Mature human TGFβ1 is 100% identical to pig, dog and cow TGFβ1, and 99% identical to mouse, rat and horse TGFβ1, therefore showing cross­species activity. TGFβs are identified as potential therapeutic targets for cancer and cardiovascular diseases.  This gene is frequently upregulated in tumor cells, and mutations in this gene result in Camurati-Engelmann disease.

 

Product Details

 

Gene Symbol: TGF-beta1; CED; LAP; DPD1; TGFB; TGFbeta

 

NCBI Gene ID: 7040; 7042; 7043

 

Uniprot Entry: P01137; P61812; P10600 

 

Construct Details: Expressed as the combination of a heavy chain (HC) containing VH from anti-TGFβ1, 2, 3 mAb and CH1-3 region of human IgG4 and a light chain (LC) encoding VL from anti-TGFβ mAb and CL of human kappa light chain.  Exists as a disulfide linked dimer of the HC and LC hetero-dimer under non-reducing condition (see the gel image above, labeled as DTT "-").

 

Source: Mammalian cells stably expressing anti-TGFβ1, 2, 3  human IgG4 HC and LC and growing in chemical-defined media with no animal component or antibiotics.

 

M.W.: Calculated molecular mass (kDa): 145 (49 kDa for a single HC, 23.5 kDa for a single LC); Estimated by SDS-PAGE under non-reducing condition(kDa): 150

 

Purity: >95% judged by SDS-PAGE under reducing condition (see the gel image above, labeled as DTT "+")

 

Formulation: Supplied at 1.0 mg/ml in sterile PBSpH7.4 (carrier free).

 

Endotoxin Level: <0.1 EU per 1 μg of purified recombinant protein determined by the LAL method

 

Biological Activity: Binds to human TGFβ1, TGFβ2, and TGFβ3  proteins with high affinity and blocks all TGFβ isoform mediated signaling activities. Has the same binding specificity as anti-Human TGFβ human IgG1 (SKU#MAB2005) and rabbit IgG (SKU#MAB2014).

 

 

 

 

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE IN HUMAN.

Restriction: This product is not transferable or re-sellable.  Customer obtain no right to transfer, assign, or sublicense its use rights, or to transfer, resell, package, or otherwise distribute the product, or to use the product for the benefit of any third party or for any commercial purpose.  Customer may only use the product in compliance with applicable local, state and federal laws, regulations and rules.  Customer may not directly or indirectly use the product or allow the transfer, transmission, export or re-export of all or any part of the product in violation of any export control law or regulation of the united states or any other relevant jurisdiction.  Your use of this product constitutes acceptance of the terms of this limited use agreement.  Please refer to our “terms & conditions” for details.  If you are not willing to accept the limitation of this agreement, G&P Biosciences will accept return of the product for a full/partial refund.

 

Storage

 

The product is shipped at 4°C. Upon receipt, centrifuge the product briefly before opening the vial. It is recommended to store small aliquots at the temperature below –20°C for long-term storage and the product is stable for 3 months. The undiluted protein can be stored at 4°C for no more than 2 weeks.

 

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

 

 

 

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE IN HUMAN.

 

References

 

 

1. J. Biol. Chem. 258: 7155 (1983)

2. Nature 316: 701 (1985)

3. Annual Rev. Immunol. 16: 137 (1998)

4. Cell 75: 671 (1993).

5. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 18: 279 (2007).

 

 

 

Documentation

 

Product datasheet (pdf) can be downloaded here: MAB1561-PDS.pdf

 

 

 

Additional supporting documents, including COA and MSDS are available upon request.

 

 

 

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE IN HUMAN.

Restriction: This product is not transferable or re-sellable.  Customer obtain no right to transfer, assign, or sublicense its use rights, or to transfer, resell, package, or otherwise distribute the product, or to use the product for the benefit of any third party or for any commercial purpose.  Customer may only use the product in compliance with applicable local, state and federal laws, regulations and rules.  Customer may not directly or indirectly use the product or allow the transfer, transmission, export or re-export of all or any part of the product in violation of any export control law or regulation of the united states or any other relevant jurisdiction.  Your use of this product constitutes acceptance of the terms of this limited use agreement.  Please refer to our “terms & conditions” for details.  If you are not willing to accept the limitation of this agreement, G&P Biosciences will accept return of the product for a full/partial refund.